New Technology Revolutionizing Bodywork and Rolfing® Part 2: Manual Therapy vs TECAR vs Laser
Blog Summary:
It has been estimated that between 30 - 50 percent of all injuries that take place throughout participation in a sport are the consequence of soft tissue injuries, and muscle injuries are the primary cause of physical disability. Due to the produced effects, manual therapy combined with laser therapy or capacitive and resistive electrical transfer (TECAR) therapy, or even all three therapies used in a treatment plan, can provide optimal muscle recovery in a shorter time; therefore, the use of combined and not isolated recovery procedures is a better alternative in muscle recovery.
We are excited to be bringing new technology to your treatment supporting faster results, optimal muscle recovery in shorter time, Combination Therapy consists of a combination of Laser, TECAR and manual therapy.
Manual Therapy vs. TECAR vs. Laser
Manual therapy is a standard approach in treating muscle disorders. TECAR therapy, a form of deep thermotherapy combines manual therapy with high-frequency electric currents, providing faster recovery and improved muscle flexibility compared to conventional manual therapy. Laser Therapy, a pain-free, non-invasive treatment, reduces pain and promotes healing through anti-inflammatory effects and increased microcirculation. While Laser requires shorter treatment periods, combining manual therapy with TECAR proves more effective in muscle recovery.
The Benefits of Manual Therapy in the Treatment of Muscle Disorders
Manual therapy, using hands for therapeutic purposes, encompasses various procedures like massages, joint mobilizations, myofascial releases, and acupressure. Despite being an ancient technique, manual therapy remains a fundamental recovery method, offering benefits such as increased flexibility and reduced discomfort.
The Benefits of Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Muscle Disorders
Laser Therapy penetrates deep tissues with large energy beams, providing therapeutic effects like edema reduction, analgesic effects, and increased tissue metabolism. Its immediate and long-lasting analgesic effect, along with improved blood circulation, makes Laser beneficial in treating musculoskeletal disorders.
The Benefits of TECAR Therapy in the Treatment of Muscle Disorders
TECAR therapy, a non-invasive electrothermal treatment, employs radiofrequency for deep thermotherapy. It accelerates recovery by generating vasodilation, minimizing muscle spasms, and improving cellular metabolism. TECAR therapy offers positive effects, including better blood circulation, reduced discomfort, and accelerated reabsorption of hemorrhagic masses, making it valuable in orthopedic pathologies.
Full Bog - This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper 10.3390/jcm11206149
Manual Therapy vs. TECAR vs. Laser Therapy
Manual treatment is applied in treating muscle disorders in approximately every recovery program. Its effectiveness is debated, requiring much faster and more efficient recovery methods. Capacitive and resistive electrical transfer (TECAR), a type of diathermy, has recently been created as a form of deep thermotherapy and is used in sports medicine. This device provides radio frequency energy, passing between an active and an inactive electrode and generating heat inside the body. This therapy has shown that TECAR therapy is more efficient than a warm packet at increasing blood circulation, a conventional form of thermotherapy commonly used in clinical practice. Improving blood circulation plays an essential role in improving muscle recovery after fatigue. Thus, TECAR therapy can effectively improve muscle recovery after fatigue, which leads to maintaining and improving muscle flexibility .
Although manual therapy has been used to treat various muscle ailments since ancient times, for better and faster recovery of these ailments, more muscular stimulation is needed to have the desired effect. TECAR therapy combines manual therapy with deep thermotherapy, based on high-frequency electric currents, allowing for faster recovery of the affected muscles . Due to the positive effects on muscle tissue, TECAR therapy seems to be a more helpful alternative in treating muscle disorders than conventional manual therapy, where cellular metabolism is not as strongly stimulated, and vasodilation is not as intense.Laser treatment is a pain-free, non-invasive therapy that can be used to treat various clinical conditions.
Laser therapy has significantly reduced acute and chronic pain, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic osteoarthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome, fibromyalgia, knee injuries, shoulder pain, and postoperative pain . The reduction in pain after laser treatment results from its anti-inflammatory effects, the increased microcirculation and stimulation of immune processes, nerve regeneration, and the secretion of β-endorphins . These properties of laser therapy can influence the healing and regeneration of muscle tissue, which is recommended in most muscle conditions, both in athletes and non-athletes. Compared to TECAR therapy, Laser requires a much shorter treatment period, but its use with manual therapy does not seem as effective as using manual therapy with TECAR therapy because, as mentioned, the duration of treatment is short. The device does not allow a massage to be performed on the treated area. However, manipulations,massages, active or passive mobilizations, or other manual therapy techniques may be performed before or after Laser.
The Benefits of Manual Therapy in the Treatment of Muscle Diseases
Manual therapy is a technique that involves using the hands to apply a force for therapeutic purposes. Manual therapy includes a wide range of therapeutic procedures such as massages, joint mobilizations/manipulations, myofascial releases, nerve manipulations, counter-stress, and acupressure
Although manual therapy can be considered today as an old technique used by physical therapists, it remains one of the basic techniques of recovery used by physiotherapists in most recovery programs [7][8][9].
Manual therapy has been used to treat individuals suffering from various diseases since ancient times. The use of hands for healing dates back to the Old Testament and appears to have been advocated in the fifth century B.C. Hippocrates suggested the application of manual therapy, including traction prone to associated manipulation of the spine. He proved the efficiency of several manual approaches and proposed modifications to force delivery characteristics such as direction, pace, and frequency [10]
The Benefits of Laser Treatment in the Treatment of Muscle Disorders
As previously stated, laser treatment is a non-invasive treatment with minimal risk of adverse effects [13].
Laser therapy is primarily employed in therapy therapeutic regimens [14][15][16]. The primary distinction between high-intensity laser therapy and low-intensity laser therapy is that more giant beams (power > 500 mW) are irradiated to penetrate deeper, bringing a desired large amount of multidirectional energy into the deep tissues in a short time [17][18].
Moreover, the application techniques, the treatment time, and the cost of the device are different between these two generations of laser therapy [19][20]. However, High-Intensity Laser Therapy seems to have multiple benefits in the therapy of musculoskeletal disorders, precisely due to the effects produced in the tissues and also due to the reduction in recovery time [21][22][23].
Laser provides high tissue energy, and its optical energy forms dynamic vibrations. It then generates photochemical effects, such as increased mitochondrial oxidation, and it facilitates the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ultimately leads to the rapid absorption of oedema and the elimination of exudates by increasing metabolism and blood circulation [24][25].
Laser has its own photomechanical, photothermal, and photochemical properties and has many therapeutic effects, including o edema reduction, analgesic effects, and physical stimulation [26]. Another benefit of Laser is its greater penetration strength and depth into deep tissues [27].
Laser treatment has lately been applied in fundamental research and clinical rehabilitation practice with promising results (Watt-level performance) (high-intensity laser, Class IV laser) [28][29].
The laser is usually used in two ways—pulsed and continuous [30]. Each mode impacts the tissue differently and triggers different therapeutic effects. The general therapeutic effects are bio-stimulation, pain relief, anti-inflammatory effects, superficial thermal effects, and muscle relaxation [31].
The laser delivers energy to the cells, stimulates cellular metabolism, and promotes quicker resorption of the pro-inflammatory mediators [32].
Decreasing the concentration of pro-inflammatory mediators improves capillary permeability, resulting in the total eradication of inflammation and a speedier return to daily activities and sports. The laser can provide extremely brief heartbeats at a maximum repetition rate [33]. This property can create real pressure. Pressure waves are transported through the tissue, stimulating the free nerve endings. According to the pain control mechanism, the mechanical stimulation of free nerve terminals causes their inhibition and, as a result, pain reduction [34]. The laser has an immediate and long-lasting analgesic effect. The energy transferred by the continuous emission of laser to the tissue causes superficial hyperthermia and vasodilation in the treated area [35]. As the blood perfusion increases, more blood passes through the treated area, and the muscles relax. In painful indications related to muscles, such as muscle injuries and muscle contracture, the patient feels immediate relief from discomfort triggered by muscle tension, and an amplitude of movement increases immediately [36].
Bio-stimulation means stimulating the body to help enhance healing and recovery at the cellular level. Mitochondria in cells metabolise oxygen. A cascade of respiratory enzymes processes oxygen and delivers it to ATP synthase, which synthesises the body’s energy source—ATP. As a result of the quicker exchange of oxygen and metabolites caused by laser irradiation, more oxygen atoms reach the mitochondria. Mitochondria are further stimulated to synthesise ATP faster. ATP allows faster R.N.A. and D.N.A. synthesis and leads to faster recovery, faster healing, and reduced oedema in the treated area [37].
Laser therapy can be used to treat a range of ailments, including knee, hip, and ankle osteoarthritis; rheumatoid arthritis; shoulder pain impact syndromes [38]; hip or shoulder bursitis; lumbar disc degeneration; herniated disc sciatica; tendonitis; lateral and medial epicondylitis; plantar fasciitis; and a variety of muscle disorders [39]. Compared to other procedures used in medical recovery, high-frequency laser therapy has a limited range of contraindications, but they must be considered before starting therapy using this type of laser [40].
Pregnancy is one of the absolute contraindications of laser therapy, and although, to date, there are no documents indicating that laser therapy is harmful to a pregnant woman or her child, to be safe and to prevent any problems, the use of this procedure in pregnancy is not recommended [41].
Another contraindication to Laser is cancer. Therefore, the use of laser therapy in a patient who has cancer or is suspected of having cancer is not recommended.
There are several relative contraindications, which each therapist takes into account in the use of laser therapy, including:
Thyroid disorders: The thyroid is known to be sensitive to light, and although it has not yet been found to harm the thyroid gland, caution and careful dosing are recommended when using the laser [42].
Clotting problems: Laser therapy affects blood clotting, so its use for patients with such problems should be consulted with a specialist or even replaced with another procedure [43].
Children: Although there is no contraindication to the use of the laser for children, its dose should be adjusted according to weight[44].
The Benefits of TECAR Therapy in the Treatment of Muscle Disorders
TECAR treatment is a type of non-invasive electrothermal treatment classified as deep thermotherapy, based on the planning of electric tides in the field of radiofrequency, constituting a monopolar capacitive resistive radiofrequency of 448 kHz [45][46][47][48].
TECAR or capacitive-resistive electric transfer (CRet) is often used in the treatment of muscle, joint, and tendon injuries in traumatology and sports [47][49][50]. CRet is a non-invasive electrothermal treatment characterised as deep thermotherapy based on the application of electric flows in the radiofrequency range of 300 kHz to 1.2 MHz [51][52][53]. Unlike superficial thermotherapy, which has a relatively limited ability to penetrate muscle tissue [54][55], CRet may create heat in deep muscle tissue, hence increasing haemoglobin saturation [56]. Applying an electromagnetic field of around 0.5 MHz to the human body is responsible for this form of therapy’s physiological effects. It has been discovered that an increase in blood perfusion is associated with a rise in body temperature, and other effects, such as cell proliferation, seem to be primarily connected to the current flow [57][58]. It has been demonstrated that cell growth begins at 0.00005 A per square millimetre [49][58].
TECAR therapy is characterised by its quick action and is employed in high-performance sports because it speeds up the recovery process [59][60]. Thermal changes in the neuromotor arrangement caused by TECAR treatment generate vasodilation, minimise muscle spasms, speed up cellular metabolism, and increase the extensibility of soft tissues [61][62].
TECAR therapy is available in capacitive (C.A.P.) and resistive (R.E.S.) modes. These modes are often given with a number of immaculate medical steel probes (electrodes) that have been manufactured [63]. According to TECAR, depending on the strength of the treated tissue, the two treatment techniques generate various tissue responses. When a cushioning ceramic coating functions as a dielectric mechanism (C.A.P.) on the active electrode, energy transfer generates only heat to the superficial layers of tissue, with selective action on soft tissues with low impedance (rich in water), e.g., adipose matter, muscles, and the lymphatic system [59].
The resistive mode targets denser tissues with more fat and fibre (such as bones, ligaments, and tendons). High-frequency waves penetrate deep into tissues and cause a rise in exchange and temperature, and recent studies have shown the effects of radiofrequency on skin microcirculation and intramuscular blood flow [64][65]
In recovery in terms of the presence and/or absence of specific positive effects while having distinctive features compared to conventional treatments [66]. It is guaranteed that TECAR therapy provides a balance between the therapist’s manual capacity and the unique energy that this technology emanates from the tissues, thus giving therapists and patients much more satisfactory results [67]. Among its positive effects is better blood circulation, which removes inflammatory catabolites [68]. TECAR therapy also substantially improves blood circulation in the peritendinous region and increases haemoglobin saturation [69]. In addition, this therapy warms deep tissues, stimulates vascularity, promotes the repose of tissues (particularly muscle tissue), and stimulates drainage (oedema and hematoma) [70]. Based on these properties, TECAR treatment is employed in most orthopaedic pathologies before the start of rehabilitation exercises [71].
Among the physiological effects of TECAR therapy are increased extensibility of collagen tissue due to reduced viscosity; reduced discomfort because of anti-irritant behaviour or release of endorphins; reduced spasms and muscle contractions due to reduced activity of secondary efferents; faster dissociation of oxygen because of more available haemoglobin [72], accompanied by a reduction in the activation energy of important chemical and metabolic reactions; vasodilation with increased local blood flow, contributing to the replenishment of oxygen and nutrients; the elimination of catabolites; and accelerated reabsorption of hemorrhagic masses [73].
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